A Very Indian Poem in English Essay

Nissim Ezekiel is one of those Indian artists writing in English who makes a real kind of India, by his utilization of Indian English †Pidgin English on Bazar English, as it is regularly called. In this sonnet, the Indian flavor has been made by focusing on the different mix-ups which Indians submit in their utilization of English, by acquiring the expectations and goals of free India, and furthermore the perspectives of her two threatening neighbors, China and Pakistan. Beautiful Inspiration for the Poem: Everything began as a remark by a companion who said that you write in English no uncertainty and you compose English well however you don’t appear to try and know or understand that a large number of Indians talk what must be called Indian English, So from that time in the entirety of his train ventures from Mithibai College back home, he began to look into the manner in which English was being spoken on the train. Each time he heard a conspicuous Indian English expression like, â€Å"I’m not knowing only.† he would bring it down. At the point when he had around a thousand of these, he thought of making this current sonnet. The Indian Living Conditions: Ezekiel presents that the new age is following ‘fashion and remote things.’ He presents the commonplace Indian make †up. The Indian day to day environments are looked to be depicted. The India of yester years is no longer to be seen here, as modernization and industrialization have speeded up the procedure of progress. The deplorable thing in the advanced world is the demonstration of brutality and hostile to †social propensities ending up being a danger. Still the positive viewpoints like recovery, compensation and contraception could be thought of as an exit from the current jumble. One can positively seek after the better and spread the best that is thought as interesting. Old Indian Wisdom: In the subsequent verse, the perusers get a peep into things †Indians as Gandhi’s beneficiary, he would settle on harmony and non †savagery. He is baffled why others are not following Gandhi’s exhortation †while in this gauge, the old Indian shrewdness is right, contrastively the cutting edge age takes it to whatever is western and chic †like different Indians, he also needs to improve his English language. The understudy intrigue and negligible disturbances cause him to feel nauseating line Antony’s offer to the Roman crowd, he will call upon the kindred residents to think about the past experts. Along these lines in the third refrain, he articulates, In request to escape from that which is nauseating, he needs to have a cup of wine which is generally excellent for assimilation. It tends to be taken as identical toward the western wine if just somewhat salt is added to make it a beautiful beverage. The writer admits that he is the complete teetotaler from drinks while it is taken by addicts to gunch themselves, he as far as it matters for him would go to basic beverages like lassi. In this manner, the writer attempts to get the old Gandhian days. The World Situation Today: In the fourth verse, the writer can verbally process and offer his remarks on the world circumstance today. The current conditions everywhere throughout the world talk about a terrible pattern that give an edge to the creation of hazardous weapons and attempt to be better than others. The nations of the world regularly attach with one another in keeping themselves in front of others in this distraught serious world. This remember regularly prompts clashes bringing about loss of valuable human lives. On the off chance that just one considers the different as the sibling; the pattern could be changed. Solidarity in Diversity: India is where the standard of ‘unity in Diversity’ is polished. Here numerous networks live respectively despite the fact that there are a few issues. This perfect circumstance wherein one Co-exists with the other is portrayed as Ram Rajya by the writer. He gives the hand of invitingness to the guest and anticipates that him should come back once more. The writer is hopeful when he says that he appreciates each snapshot of good organization. In this way, he closes the sonnet by saying that he doesn't feel the need of commending services. Regular Mistakes ‘highlighted’ in the Poem: Substrate effect on language structure is very normal. It is frequently disliked as â€Å"wrong†, yet in the long run turns into an ordinary piece of the new dialect variation. â€Å"The Patriot† contains various Indian English models: the reduplication of action words in â€Å"fighting fighting†, the absence of uncertain and distinct articles in â€Å"threw stone at Indirabehn† and â€Å"all individuals of world†, the utilization of one rather than the inconclusive article an in â€Å"one glass lassi†, the extreme utilization of the positive article the in â€Å"not that I am ever tasting the wine†, the over the top utilization of the consistent tense (the - ing structure) in â€Å"I am representing harmony and non-violence†, the exclusion of a mandatory item pronoun in â€Å"modern age is neglecting† (rather than â€Å"neglecting this†) and so forth. Once more, this is a humorous sonnet as opposed to a veritable case of Indian English, however the marvels exemplified are sufficiently certified. End: Nissim Ezekiel possesses a remarkable situation among Indo-Anglian artists of post-Independence time. Nissim restricted the optimism and sentimentalism of the prior gathering of Indian scholars in English, and attempted to take a gander at any run of the mill Indian circumstance with an Indian disposition, with a novel and dynamic Indian knowledge. He keenly controlled Indian English to draw out the Indian perspective. Accordingly Ezekiel utilizes ‘Indian English,’ or ‘Babu Angrezi’ in his verse to delineate the attributes of Indian disposition. He utilized incongruity as a weapon to delineate the trademark highlights of Indian mentality.

Jesus Christ-Life and Influence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Jesus Christ-Life and Influence - Research Paper Example Jesus is consistently viewed as the one and the main virgin birth that has showed up in the whole history of humanity since the formation of Adam and Eve in the heaven. The Old Testament had just made an expectation about his appearance on the planet through the virgin conveyance to be made by a devout and modest respectable woman for example Sacred Virgin Mary (Isaiah, 7:14). Along these lines, the devout and strict disapproved of Jews were very much aware in regards to this extraordinary sort of birth in their clan one day in the wake of the Commandments to be made by the Lord so as to show the agnostics, non-devotees, and wolves in sheep's clothing the indications of the Omnipotence of the Lord. Since all the clans having confidence in Almighty God were in hold up of such a consecrated birth, the Magi additionally voyaged wide from the old Persia to the city of Nazareth so as to see the favored youngster showed up on the planet from the high sky so as to fill the world with the as tonishing hallowed light of equity, fairness, honorableness, and confidence. The Gospel of Matthew gives a point by point and exhaustive record of the visit of the three Magi from the far off locale of Persia (Matthew, 2:2). Since the Magi had been honored with the information on crystal gazing, and their relationship with the Zoroastrians had expanded their confidence in the Oneness of Almighty God the Creator, the three Magi set out to a comprehensive undertaking towards Nazareth so as to see the blessed youngster and present their endowments to the Savior of humankind. Subsequently, the kid would absolutely be one of a kind and remarkable one, which would consume his whole time on earth in instructing, lecturing and helping the individuals without segregation, and would grasp passing at the prime of his childhood only for sparing the mankind from turning into a casualty of the discipline and anguish for submitting the first sin. Jesus was conceived in Bethlehem, and the Magi like wise met him there (Anderson, 2005: 23-24). Be that as it may, as a result of the restriction made by the wolves in sheep's clothing and non-adherents, Holy Mary needed to continue to Egypt so as to spare the holy youngster from the contempt of the desirous and angry individuals of Nazareth. Little is thought about the adolescence and early young people of the Holy Christ, however the history specialists and scholars give off an impression of being concurring with the idea that the indications of the profound rise of this hallowed youngster had begun showing up as a part of his character since the youth years (Littleton, 1975: 22). By one way or another, Jesus came back to his local city alongside his hallowed mother in his initial youth, where he was submersed by Holy John the Baptist (Matthew, 3:13-16), however John is seen to announce Jesus better than him in all regards. Henceforth, it becomes obvious that his contemporary honorable men of Nazareth had kept up the information on the profound and raised status of Jesus Christ. The Christian confidence is credited to Christ, who lectured love and consideration to all humanity.

How To Use Keywords On Your Marketing Strategy Effectively

How To Use Keywords On Your Marketing Strategy Effectively Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!How To Use Keywords On Your Marketing Strategy EffectivelyUpdated On 21/06/2016Author : Atinder SinghTopic : SEOShort URL : http://hbb.me/28LNP5Q CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogAlthough many pundits have synonymized the current era with the “death of SEO,” the truth is much more complicated. SEO may be changing, but in many ways it has further emphasized the need to utilize in-depth keyword and optimization tactics across the board. The continued proliferation of eCommerce sites and the limited access to tools like Google AdWords have only made effective SEO more imperative. This article will discuss how to use keywords effectively throughout your marketing strategy.Use Keywords On Your Marketing StrategyOn Individual Web PagesThere are a number of places in which you need to use keywords to optimize individual web pages on your site:Within your page’s SEO titl e tagâ€"this allows for on-page optimization of a keyword.Within your page’s meta descriptionâ€"the keyword will be bolded should it be part of a search query.In the file name and alt text of an image.In the first paragraph of the page.In content scattered throughout the page.Social MediaAlthough most social media channels do not allow for optimization of the “SEO Title” field, other components of your social profiles and pages should be keyword optimized. For example:Twitter and Instagram bios should contain your primary keyword.On Facebook, your keyword phrase should be present in the “About” tab, including “Short Description,” “Long Description,” and “Category.”Pinterest’s “About You” box should contain your keyword phrase.Many social sites, such as Google+ and LinkedIn, have different recommended practices depending upon the type of profile setup.READ9 Interesting Ways to get the Links to Rank a Site!BrandingThe best way to establish a brand online is to use a consistent message. One way to do this is through using a stable and accurate keyword phrasing across the web. For example, if you are a veteran freelance writer, you can say, “I am an experienced writer with an expertise in popular music.” Finding this specific phrasing is the hardest and most important partâ€" this is why keyword research matters.It should be reiterated that the ultimate use of this keyword phrase is for utilization across all platforms in some capacity.In Content CreationWith content creation, there are different ways to go about incorporating keywords. One way is to write the content as intended without taking into account keyword placement. The idea here is that you’re writing for your audience first, with keywords and optimization techniques being implemented afterwards.Another approach is to do keyword research first and base content around the keywords that you discover are most effective. A great tool to conduct research is with Google AdWor ds Keyword Planner. The spreadsheet that you download from AdWords can be expanded to include details on the content based upon this research.Other AvenuesThese keyword-based strategies only cover a handful of ways in which to market effectively online. Many other avenues with their own tactics should be explored, such as guest blogging. Using an experienced online marketing firm such as Coalition Technologies can help your business become more directed in terms of all of the aspects of keyword strategy.

Argumentative Essay Outline On Abortion - 715 Words

Is Her Body Truly Hers? I. Does a woman really have control over her own body? Abortion has been out in the open as a topic in debate since the 1960s. Abortions have been practiced long before Row v Wade in 1973; there were once anti-abortion laws in 1910. According to thoughtco.com,† In the United States, abortion laws began to appear in the 1820s, forbidding abortion after the fourth month of pregnancy†[1]. Abortion is still quite a hot topic in 2017, and everyone is entitled to what they believe is right. The question is, is should abortion be legal in the United States and the rest of the world? In my opinion, abortion should be legal across the globe. Anti-abortion laws are so outdated; women should be able to take back their bodies†¦show more content†¦Having sexual intercourse even with protection always carries the risk of pregnancy. One might object that abortion should be legal, because fetuses can feel pain and women should take responsibility for their actions. C. Respond to Counter-Argument (Premise 3)Although pregnancy is always a risk when engaging in sexual intercourse, many young adults aren’t properly sexually educated. Sadly, some women get raped and happen to get pregnant not by their choice. Why would a woman want to bring a child into the world if it is unwanted? Believe it or not, (Premise 4) abortions are a lot safer than child birth, if performed by a professional. According to E.G. Raymond and D.A. Grimes, â€Å"A womans risk of dying from having an abortion is 0.6 in 100,000, while the risk of dying from giving birth is around 14 times higher (8.8 in 100,000)†[3]. I reply that abortion should be legal, because there are young adults out in the world having sex without proper the education, and in the instances of rape cases where women unwantedly get pregnant. III. Conclusion (conclustion)Abortions should be legal because a woman should have control over her own body. Abortion has been a constitutional right since 1973, so why should we revert to when abortion was illegal and women were dying due to blood loss from self-done abortions? Young teens and adults should have access to abortions when needed because not everyone is fortunateShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : My Career Life Consuming And Stressful Classes I Have Ever Taken1521 Words   |  7 Pagestough time making my sentences flow together easily, my essays sounded choppy. Also, it was obvious when I was stretching my sentences to make an essay the required length; I no longer need to do that, now I must work on shortening my essays. This portfolio contains assignments completed in this composition class. These will all show evidence of improved writing from this first draft to the final copy. Throughout the portfolio, four essays and three inferior writing assignments will be found. EachRead MoreWhat Makes A Successful Argument?927 Words   |  4 Pagesargument? An argumentative essay is similar to any other essay. The writing process may vary, but only slightly to meet the demands of an argument. When writing a convincing argumentative essay, one must first choose a topic and then think about that chosen topic, draft a thesis statement, understand the intended audience, gather evidence, refute opposing arguments, revise the thesis statement, establish credibility, draft the essay, revise the essay, and finally polish the essay. By implementingRead MoreEnglish 111 Evaluation Essay623 Words   |  3 Pagesof writing. This essay will evaluate the English 111 textbooks, essays, self-reflections, the instructor, and what I personally learned. The English 111 textbook had effective sample essays and diagrams of outlines. The Successful College Writing Textbook is the textbook used for the English 111 course. This textbook had great sample essays because they showed useful examples of transition words and phrases. These sample essays also gave a guideline for writing a proper essay. The diagrams in theRead MoreDescriptive Analysis6093 Words   |  25 PagesDescriptive Analyses of the Essays and Short Stories Narration and Description THE STRATEGIES Although the narrative and descriptive essays are often given as separate assignments in composition courses, they are combined in this first section so that teachers can present expressive writing and still reserve time for the many forms of informative and argumentative writing. This choice is tricky because it confirms the folk wisdom about expressive writing and rhetorical difficulty. According toRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesdegree of success or failure. In summary, evidence suggests that a five-step learning model is most effective for helping individuals develop management skills (see Cameron Whetten, 1984; Kolb, 1984; Vance, 1993; Whetten Cameron, 1983). Table 3 outlines such a model. 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Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesapplicants who did not wear Muslim-identified attire.54 Faith can be an employment issue when religious beliefs prohibit or encourage certain behaviors. Based on their religious beliefs, some pharmacists refuse to hand out RU-486, the â€Å"morning after† abortion pill. Many Christians do n ot believe they should work on Sundays, and many conservative Jews believe they should not work on Saturdays. Religious individuals may also believe they have an obligation to express their beliefs in the workplace, and

Literature Review-Fdi in Retail - 1349 Words

RETAIL MARKETING PROJECT INTERIM REPORT LITERATURE REVIEW AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE GROWTH PROSPECTS AND PROFITABILITY OF FDI IN RETAIL SEGMENTS OF INDIA Submitted to: Prof. Sapna Parashar Date: 23-07-2008 Submitted by: Arnab Sinha 071108 INDEX INDEX 2 CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS 3 Summary of Retail Market in India and FDI in Indian Retail 3 LITERATURE REVIEW 5 1. Literature Review-1 5 2. Literature Review-2 5 3. Literature Review-3 6 4. Literature Review-4 7 5. Literature Review-5 7 GAP ANALYSIS 8 REFERENCES 9 CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS Summary of†¦show more content†¦The three firms are two U.K.-based multinational retailers (Tesco and The Body Shop) and a French-based global retailer (Moà «t Hennessy,Louis Vuitton). Evidence of strong network relationships for all three retailers is found, although each embraces network strategies for different reasons. Their flagship relationships depend on each retailer s strategic use of firm-specific-advantages (FSA s) and country-specific advantages (CSA s). It infers that a flagship strategy can succeed in overcoming internal and/or environmental constraints to cross-border resource transfers, which are barriers to foreign direct investment (FDI). 3. Literature Review-3 Title: Foreign entry into British retailing, 1850-1994 Authors: Andrew Godley, Scott Fletcher Source: International Marketing Review; Volume: 17 Issue: 4/5; 2000 This paper traces the history of foreign direct investment in UK retailing since 1850. The results suggest that the upsurge of cross-border activity in the 1980s and early 1990s was exceptional in absolute terms. However, when compared to the most likely determinant of entry rates, consumer purchasing power, the recent upturn is best seen as a return, after several decades of relatively low entry rates, to the high level of FDI prevailing in the early twentieth century. 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A critical observation of extant literature shows however, that multinationals from Asia and Latin America has dominated the study of EMNCs internationalisation (Child and Rodriguez, 2005; Yeoh, 2011; Fortanier Tulder, 2009; Sim, 2005,). Others include that of Olaya, Olaya and Cueter (2012) of 5 Latin American countries, while, Cyrino, Barcellos Tanure (2010) study Brazil, Eren-Erdogmus, Cobanoglu, YalcÄ ±n Ghauri (2010) study Turkish retail firms and Bianchi, (2014) that of ChileanRead MoreForeign Investment Into The Lo ndon Property Market1421 Words   |  6 Pagesof foreign investment, a comparison with another area of the country and the presence of foreign money in other areas in the UK. The aim of the project is to investigate and document something that has not been extensively researched in academic literature. The present day issue of foreign investment in London property provides somewhat of a gap in academic study which I hope (in a small way) to begin to fill. There are several reasons for me choosing this particular area to research, the first isRead MoreCapital Theories Of Capital Theory2374 Words   |  10 Pages2. Literature Review (2,370) Capital theory FDI has only been treated as separate to traditional theories of capital movements in the internationally sphere since the 1950s (ref: lit review copied text). It became a system and theory in its own right in response to undertakings to understand the inadequacies in projected investment return from different countries, and began to differentiate between them as individual systems. A study by Mundell (1960) showed that some American firms were actually

Family Day Essay - 965 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Family Day When I was around 6, I had gotten out of church wearing my nice church clothes with a tie, shoes, dressy pants, and a blazer. I was with my mom, dad, brother, and sister, who all had on church clothes too. My sister had the same things my mom had on, a black long skirt with an expensive white shirt. My brother and dad had on the same thing too: black shoes, navy blue pants, black bowtie and white shirt. I was the only one with a blazer on. My siblings and I were really happy we all went to church together, so I guess my dad was happy because of that, but he had a tired look on his face too. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;After church,†¦show more content†¦I guess to make sure no one got in to rob them it was so high. It had a metal gate in the middle, about 20 feet tall, but an opening we can walk through. There was a doorman there who said we could get in for free, but we had to give a donation – any amount we wanted to give. So my dad gave him a few bucks and we kept moving. It was beautiful once we got in. There were trees so high up and along a cement road; we could walk around the garden. In the garden there were houses that seemed old and run down, like they had been there for years but went inside one, it smelled like roses. We noticed at second glance it was a rose house with many different types of roses. They had red, yellow, white, even pink roses. My sister loved it there; she was dreaming she was in a romantic movies waiting for her dream man to come. My brother and I just laughed at her, saying she was stupid. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As we moved along, we got to a bridge that seemed old and run down, but I thought of it as an adventure. Under the bridge, there was this disgusting muck of black water. Of course my brother and I had to go across it, even though my dad said no because we may fall in the water. I am not that stupid, so I told my brother to go first. He ran across the bridge and made it just fine, so I though â€Å"it is my turn; if he can make it, so can I†. So I pretended I was in a race for my life. LikeShow MoreRelatedA Day For My Family965 Words   |  4 PagesLucky I will never forget the day I moved in to my own house. I guess you could say it was a really lucky day for my little family. It was that day when the world seemed to be a little less gloomy, and I felt a little less helpless. For once, things were looking up for us, us being my boyfriend Andrayus, my dog Chewy, and myself. It all started when I was simply driving from school a whole twenty minutes out of town where we were staying at his grandmother’s. His grandmother had a small trailerRead MoreDay Of The Dead : A Celebration Of Family976 Words   |  4 PagesDay of the Dead: A Celebration of Family The holiday Day of the Dead is a Mexican tradition. It is a cultural celebration that involves honoring those who are no longer on earth. It is a way to rejoice not mourn the loss of loved ones. Mexicans believe it is important to connect with the spirits, and offer them gifts. Not only does it show how important present family members are to Mexicans, but also those who have passed on. Many outsiders see this holiday as evil. Since it is a common misconceptionRead MoreThanksgiving Day Of My Family Essay1853 Words   |  8 PagesMore Than a Side Dish Imagine a day where one wakes up early, watches a parade, and then enjoys a plentiful spread of food with loved ones. These activities describe Thanksgiving Day in my family. Along with countless other people from the United States, our Thanksgiving holiday focuses on family and food. Yet, the homemade stuffing side dish, which sits beside a turkey and cranberry sauce, is much more than bread to my family. Five generations of women have used a special recipe that now connectsRead MoreMy Family Day At Home Essay909 Words   |  4 PagesMany people called Sunday as a family day, which the family has a joyful day to gather around. But for me, it happened when I was in second grade, a day that made me have mixed feelings. Having a relaxed Sunday with a delicious meal for lunch at home was really great. My brother and I were both enjoying the food that mom cooked for us. Watching TV while we were eating was our specify action as always. But sometimes, if you are too concentrated on it, you will get a bad consequence. I accidentallyRead MoreThe Day Of The Family Farm Days1277 Words   |  6 PagesThe days of the family farm days are over. For decades, there has been such an exorbitant consumer demand for pork products. The consumer demand is so high that pork is now a multibillion-dollar industry, Swann (2014). Now the family farm has evolved into what critics call â€Å"factory farms† due to high consumer demand for affordable meat pork products in the United States (p.43). This mass production calls for animals to be forced to live in confined spaces and operate a breeding system for massRead MoreMy Day With My Family996 Words   |  4 Pageswhen I am home with my family. Any activity we do together is amazing. Whether it’s watching a movie together, having dinner, or having something to talk about. There is always a time of the day where we just have a good laugh about something that happened throughout the day. I know my family will always be there for me and I will do the same for them. I believe that I am blessed to have such a loving, caring, and compassionate family. I believe when times are tough, my family is my true comfort. EvenRead MoreProject Management for Family Day793 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Company ABC is a small company consist of 100 employees in total. To facilitate bonding between the employees and their family and enhance relationships between co-workers, company ABC will make a family day that will be held in Chinese Garden on 1st of July 2013. In this family day, employees and their family will participate in some activities that has been arranged by company. Project Scope Statement Project Objective The objective from these activities are happy employeesRead MoreA Family Day At Los Angeles1525 Words   |  7 PagesOn November 1, 2015; I went to a family gathering in the front yard of Vincent’s house near Los Angeles. Upon arriving at this family gathering I soon realized that everyone at this gathering was either family or a family friend, all of whom grew up in a Salvadorian home with a Salvadorian food culture. While at this gathering I noticed that there was one family member who seemed not to be eating any of the food that was set out, she seemed to be using caution with any of the food she did eat. ThisRead MoreThe Day My Family And I Moved889 Words   |  4 PagesFifteenth May 2014: The day my family and I moved from Chicago to London because of my Dads promotion. I was enraged about the move though, my family were filled with outright awe. The thought of moving to London, trying new cultures and meeting new individuals tempted them to moving. School: Their accen t and uniform – everything was odd. My brother then again delighted in finding another nation and way of life, so he fitted in superbly. Every second was hell and the hall possessed an aroma similarRead MoreA Sunny Day And The Royal Tiger Family733 Words   |  3 PagesIt was a sunny day and the royal Tiger family was walking through the jungle. Hunt, the king, said â€Å"Is it a wonderful day kids.† â€Å"No dad† said Melissa as they were walking through the jungle.Their son Brandon, the prince, said â€Å"Yes father it’s a wonderful day.† â€Å"Honey should we search the area for bad animals?† said Amy the Queen. â€Å"Yeah dad let’s search please† said Brandon. â€Å"Yeah dad let s go it would make my day happier† said Melissa. â€Å"Yes honey it would make the kids day more fun to search

Corporate Finance Utilisation of Financial Statements

Question: Discuss about the Report for Corporate Finance of Utilisation of Financial Statements. Answer: Introduction Australian Accounting Standard has developed many standards for proper presentation and utilisation of financial statements. Thus, Presentation of Financial Statements AASB 101 which represents the format in which accounts should be formed is applicable for the reporting period after 1st January 2009. This standard was structured by the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) on 16th August 2007 (Haswell and Langfieldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Smith, 2008). The purpose of this standard is to set down the basis for the appropriate presentation of financial statements for a common purpose to confirm it's inter and intra comparability with its own organisation and other organisation too (Dean and Clarke, 2005). It sets an overall requirement for the format in which financial statements should be presented and the minimum requirement to be followed by content and guidelines of their structure. Therefore the crux of application of this standard is to present a financial statement in a format that it can be used by other organisation for comparison purpose and within the entity for the same purpose. The standard is applicable to each and every organisation which is required to present financial statements in agreement with the corporate act and by the entity whose financial statement are held out for the general purpose financial statement. Part I: In the first part, the case of the consolidation of the wholly owned subsidiary is given in which Lisa Ltd has acquired Kam Ltd. with cash consideration. As per AASB 101, the financial reports of annual accounts of an organisation includes a statement of financial position at the end of the year, a statement of profit loss and other comprehensive income for the period flow statement for the period. It comprises of a statement which presents the changes in equity for the period and the notes to accounts are comprised with it including an abstract of considerable accounting policies on the basis of which accounts have been formed. The entity after formation of books of account has to disclose in the annual report that the financial statement prepared by the management concludes that they present fairly the financial position of the entity. It has also to be concluded by them that it has been compiled with Australian Accounting Standards unless the available variation is done only to present a financial statement in a fair manner (AASB, 2004). The first part includes journal entries and abstract of consolidated balance sheet. All the working and calculations which are part of it are also presented here. The working of each account has been presented to show detail working of each account. Journal Entries in the books of Lisa Ltd. For the period 1.1.2016 to 30.6.2016 Sr. No. Date Particular Dr. Amount Cr. Amount 1 1.1.2016 Fixtures Fittings A/c Dr. 60000 Inventory A/c Dr. 20000 Patent A/c Dr. 90000 To Legal Claim A/c 15000 To Business Purchase A/c 88000 To Capital Reserve A/c 113000 [Being business of Kam Ltd. acquired by accepting its all asset and liabilities at fair value and the fair value of patent has been assumed nil.] 2 1.1.2016 Business Purchase A/c Dr. 88000 To Cash 88000 [Being business of Kam Ltd. Acquired against cash.] 3 30.6.2016 Cash A/c Dr. 18000 To Inventory a/c 9000 To Surplus on sale of inventory a/c 9000 [Being 90% of inventory sold at fair value.(Refer working note.1)] 4 30.6.2016 Depreciation A/c Dr. 15000 To Fixture Fittings A/c 15000 [Being depreciation charged on fixture and fittings. (Refer working note 2.)] 5 30.6.2016 Profit loss a/c Dr. 15000 To depreciation a/c 15000 [Being depreciation transferred to profit and loss a/c.] 6 30.6.2016 Surplus on sale of inventory a/c Dr. 9000 To Profit Loss a/c 9000 [Being profit received on sale of inventory transferred to profit and loss a/c.] 7 30.6.2016 Profit Loss a/c Dr. 9000 To Capital Reserve 9000 [Being the profit earned on sale of inventory transferred to profit and loss a/c and then adjusted against capital reserve.](Refer working note 3.) Working Note.1 Calculation of profit on sale of Inventory: Sr. No. Particular Amount 1 Fair Value of Inventory sold (90% of Inventory) 18000 2 Carrying amount of Inventory 9000 3 Profit on sale (Fair value less carrying amount.) 9000 Note: As the profit is earned by Lisa Ltd. after the acquisition it will be transferred to Reserve and Surplus account. Working Note.2 Calculation of depreciation on Fixtures Fittings: Sr. No. Particular Amount 1 Fair Value of Fixture Fittings 60000 2 Years having beneficial life 2 years 3 Depreciation (Fair value/ no. of remaining years having benefit life) 30000 4 Depreciation for period of six month 15000 Working Note.3 Calculation of amount of profit adjusted with capital reserve: Sr. No. Particular Amount 1 Profit from sale of inventory 9000 2 Amount adjusted against capital reserve 9000 Note: As the goods were sold before 30.06.2016 and the inventory was accounted at the fair value rather than the carrying cost. Therefore, at the time of consolidation, the whole profit was already accounted and hence now it will be adjusted against the capital reserve. Working Note.4 Taxes: Sr. No. Particular Amount 1 Profit from sale of inventory 9000 2 Depreciation on fixture fittings for the period 15000 3 Profit/ (Loss) during the period -6000 An Abstract of Consolidated Balance Sheet of Lisa Ltd. as at 30 June 2016 Notes Amount of $ ASSETS Financial Assets Cash and cash equivalents - Trade and other receivables - Total financial assets - Non-Financial Assets Land and buildings - Property, plant and equipment - Fixtures Fittings 45,000 Intangibles 2 90,000 Inventories 3 2,000 Other - Total non-financial assets 1,37,000 Total Assets 1,37,000 LIABILITIES Non-Current Liabilities Long Term Loan - Other - Total - Current Liabilities Bank Overdraft 4 70,000 Suppliers - Others - Total 70,000 Provisions Employee provisions - Other 5 15,000 Total provisions 15,000 Total Liabilities 85,000 Net Assets 52,000 EQUITY Parent Entity Interest Contributed equity - Reserves 6 1,13,000 Deficit 7 (15,000) Total parent entity interest 98,000 Total Equity 98,000 Notes to accounts: Fixture fittings: Opening Value 60000 Depreciation (15000) Written down value 45000 Intangible Assets : Patent 90000 Inventory: Closing Stock 2000 Bank Overdraft: Balance as on 30.6.2016 70000 (As the balance of cash is negative, it has been considered as bank overdraft ) Other: Provision of Legal Claim 15000 Reserves: Capital Reserve 113000 Deficit: Profit Loss account 15000 Working Note: 1 Fixture Fittings Date Particular Amount Date Particular Amount 1.1.2016 To Business Purchase A/c 20000 30.6.2016 By Cash 18000 By Balance b/d 2000 Total 20000 Total 20000 Working Note: 2 Inventory A/c Date Particular Amount Date Particular Amount 1.1.2016 To Business Purchase A/c 20000 30.6.2016 By Cash 18000 By Balance b/d 2000 Total 20000 Total 20000 Working Note: 3 Bank Overdraft Date Particular Amount Date Particular Amount 1.1.2016 To Business Purchase A/c 88000 30.6.2016 By sale of Inventory 18000 By Balance b/d 70000 Total 88000 Total 88000 Working Note: 4 Legal Claim Date Particular Amount Date Particular Amount 30.6.2016 To Balance b/d 15000 1.1.2016 By Business PurchaseA/c 15000 Total 15000 Total 15000 Working Note: 5 Capital Reserve Date Particular Amount Date Particular Amount 30.6.2016 To Balance b/d 113000 1.6.2016 By Balance b/d 113000 (as created by purchase of Kam Ltd) Total 113000 Total 113000 Working Note: 6 Profit Loss Account Date Particular Amount Date Particular Amount 30.6.2015 To Depreciation 15000 30.6.2015 By Surplus on sale of Inventory 9000 By Balance b/d 6000 Total 15000 Total 15000 Part II: The following considerations have been taken while solving the below part: According to the Australian Accounting Standards the basis which has to be applied while the formation of books of accounts by all the entities are going concern, accounting on an accrual basis and substance over form (Sheet, 2012). The format of the statement of profit or loss account and another comprehensive income is according to AASB 101. The presentation of financial statement should be in accordance with other accounting standards which are relating to revenue such as AASB 118 relating to revenue. According to this standard, an entity requires accounting its revenue by measuring the consideration received or receivable on a fair basis (AASB, 2008). The income generated from activities which are not incidental to the functional activities of the organisation are included under the head other comprehensive income in profit or loss statement. Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income Note In $'000s Income Sales 1 5,000 Expenses Cost of Sales 2 3,500 Expenses Marketing Cost 2 66 Administrative Cost 2 99 Distribution Cost 2 200 Finance Cost 3 100 Profit before Income Tax 1,035 Income Tax 4 311 Profit for the year after tax 5 725 Profit distributed as Dividend 6 10 Profit retained by the company 715 Total other comprehensive Income 0 Comprehensive profit for the year 715 Notes to Account: Note 1. Revenue Particular Amount In $'000s Sales 5000 Total 5000 Commentary Note-1 Revenue: AASB 118 has been followed in book-keeping for proceeds generated during the following transactions and events: Sales of the product. The reproduction of services. Receipt of Interest, royalty and dividend. Note 2. Expenses Particular Amount In $'000s Cost of Sales 5000 Expenses from transactions: Marketing Cost 66 Administrative Cost 99 Distribution Cost 200 Total Expenses 5365 Commentary - Note 2 Expenses: This head includes any outlay of payments needed for the generation of income. An expense is considered as part of operation system only when: It is probable that the consumption is consequential in a diminution of an asset or amplifies in the liability that has occurred. Future economic benefits whose consumption or loss can be reasonably measured. Note 3. Finance Cost Particular Amount In $'000s Finance Cost 100 Total 100 Commentary - Note 3 Finance Cost: This cost is accounted in the period in which it is incurred as an expense and to be shown as a separate head. Finance cost includes: Finance charges in respect of finance leases recognised in accordance with AASB 117 Leases are to be followed for accounting finance charges in respect of finance leases. Interest on bank overdraft (accounted as an expense in the year they are been paid). Note 4. Income Tax Particular Amount In $'000s Profit before tax 1035 Tax Rate (30%) 310.5 Total Current Tax 310.5 Note 5. Profit for the year after tax Particular Amount In $'000s Profit Before Tax 1035 Tax 311 Total 724 Note 6. Dividend Particular Amount In $'000s Dividend paid to shareholders 10 Total 10 Note 7. Surplus on sale of plant and machinery: Particular Amount In $'000s Proceeds from sale of plant and machinery 800 Carrying amount of plant and machinery 400 Surplus 400 Commentary - Note 7 Finance Cost: The above profit is a capital profit as the sale of plant and machinery is not an operation activity for the organisation. For ascertaining the cost of plant and machinery, the lower of cost or carrying the amount of plant and machinery will be considered. It has been assumed that capital gains are exempted from tax; hence no treatment has been done regarding it. Conclusion: The above two parts are solved in accordance with AASB 101. Each and every calculation has been described in a detailed manner so that it could be easily understood. The presentation of accounts is also according to AASB 101; wherever it has been not followed the reason of it has been described. The assumptions taken while solving the numerical part have been informed by way of a note. The journal entries have been explained with narrations to make it clearer. The above analysis depicts that the financial statements are an ordered presentation of the financial performance and position of the organisation. The aim of financial statement is to present data about the financial performance and cash flows of the organisation that can be utilised for making a financially viable decision by a wide range of users. The first part shows the financial position of the entity on a particular date i.e.30.06.2016 by considering the value of assets and liabilities are same is presented through this statement. The capital reserve which has been created due to consolidation with Kam Ltd shows that consolidation is beneficial for acquiring the company. The second part represent the profit of 715000$ earned by the entity for the period. It shows that the entity is financially sustainable. The capital income earned by the entity during the period has been shown separately as it does not form part of profit or loss account. References AASB, A.S., 2004. Presentation of Financial Statements. Balance Sheet. 68. P.73. AASB, A.S., 2008. Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements. Routledge. Dean, G. and Clarke, F., 2005. True and Fairand Fair ValueAccounting and Legal Willà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ theà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Wisps.Abacus.41(2). Pp.i-viii. Haswell, S. and Langfieldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Smith, I., 2008. Fiftyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Seven Serious Defects in AustralianIFRS. Australian Accounting Review. 18(1). Pp.46-62. Sheet, B., 2012. General Purpose Financial Reports. Cengage learning.

IM in the Workplace Harnessing the Power of the Virtual Hallway

Abstract The technology convergence witnessed in the 21st century has heralded a new technological communication frontier for organizations. This report specifically aims to delineate how instant messaging (IM) could be harnessed to drive the business and organizational strategies of MM’s into the future.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on IM in the Workplace: Harnessing the Power of the Virtual Hallway specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The success of MM’s has been attributed to many factors, including eye-catching and distinctive advertisements and promotions, effective employee and consumer participation and feedback, extensive marketing strategies, affordable pricing, and a broad assortment of customized product possibilities. Through a critical evaluation of existing literature, it has been demonstrated that the real-time functionality of IM, simplicity of use, unique affordances, collaboration cap ability, and rich presence has endeared many organizations to adopt the technology. Other factors such as presence awareness, visual alerting, and capability to support multiple synchronous conversations have been highlighted as strong points for IM. Among the disadvantages, it has been noted that IM can not only turn into a productivity drain if misused, but it can open a can of worms in terms of security risks and legal issues if it is ineffectually used. IM represents one of the most rapidly proliferating communications tools that are swiftly being adopted by global organizations. A critical review of literature contained in this report demonstrates that corporate IM use is substantial and growing. Consequently, the most fundamental thing for MM’s to do is to swing into action and ensure that policies and frameworks are put in place with the aim to holistically harness the power and communication capabilities offered by IM. Introduction The technology convergence witnessed in the 21st century has heralded a new technological communication frontier for organizations as unprecedented discoveries and innovations continue to bombard the global business scene with a panorama of communication technologies aimed at establishing and sustaining the groundwork for organizations to meet their business goals and objectives.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Business leaders are taking notice of the advantages offered by new and emerging technologies such as email, videoconferencing, mobile telephony, teleconferencing, and in recent times, instant messaging (Primeaux Flint, 2004; Cameron Webster, 2005), and many organizations have adopted either one or several of these communication platforms depending on their business needs and objective of use (Symon, 2000). While consecutive studies have been published to demonstrate the efficacy and productive capab ilities of the emerging communication technologies, the knowledge of their weak links and perceived disadvantages is also in the public domain. This report specifically aims to delineate how instant messaging (IM) could be harnessed to drive the business and organizational strategies of MM’s into the future. A Synopsis of MM’s Company For the over 60 years that it has been in existence, MM’s has created a market share that is yet to be matched by the company’s close competitors. In 2004, the company was on record for realizing an impressive $201 million in candy sales in the United States alone, a feat that propelled it into the top spot in the market for boxed and bagged chocolates in the country (Wax, 2010). The success of MM’s has been attributed to many factors, including eye-catching and distinctive advertisements and promotions, effective employee and consumer participation and feedback, extensive marketing strategies, affordable pricing, and a broad assortment of customized product possibilities(MM Website, 2010). According to Nash (2000), for contemporary businesses to remain competitive and be profitable, they must develop the right communication tools aimed at eliciting maximum employee and customer satisfaction. Although MM’s has a hierarchical organizational structure to allow for efficient leadership through the rank and file of the company, the management takes cognizance of the fact that its corporate culture must emphasize the brand essence, promise, and unique personality (Rehoboth, 2004). The concept that the company’s products, services, and experiences are a major constituent of its personification has been well enshrined in the company’s strategies geared towards fulfilling the needs and expectations of an expanding market base.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on IM in the Workplace: Harnessing the Power of the Virtual Hallway specifically for you for on ly $16.05 $11/page Learn More MM’s take cognizance of the fact that employees are the organization’s most valued asset and, as such, it exercises an open-door communication strategy aimed at availing to employees the leverage to be flexible, creative and innovative as long as products meets or surpasses customer expectations (Wax, 2010). MM’s has been in the frontline in adopting computer-based technologies with the view to integrate them into the frameworks and platforms that guide the day-to-day running of the company, especially in terms of management-employee interactions, management-customer interactions (feedback), and sales improvement (Rehoboth, 2004). The organizational culture in MM’s is aligned to the basic principles of enhancing employee value preposition, provision of unmatched products and services, and improving efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity through continuous uptake of relevant technologies. According to Keyto n (2005), â€Å"†¦organizational culture is the set of artifacts, values, and assumptions that emerge from the interactions of organizational members† (p. 1). At MM’s, the management is aptly aware that creating an enabling environment for free and effective management-employee communication is the cornerstone to a prosperous and resilient organizational culture. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of IM in the Workplace According to Cameron Webster (2005), â€Å"†¦Instant Messaging (IM) represents a communication technology that allows employees to send and receive short text-based messages in real time and to see who else is on line and currently available to receive messages† (p. 86). Intrinsically grounded on a previous technology known as the Internet Relay Chat, IM was initially intended to offer home internet users a platform through which they could socialize with friends and family members. However, as the efficient and cost-effective capa bilities in supporting informal communications came into the public limelight in the 1990s (Huang Yen, 2003), conscientious and assiduous managers grabbed the opportunity and started to experiment with the technology, especially on how it could be applied to solve or lessen workplace communication challenges.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The discovery and adoption heralded a new form of communication medium that is today known as instant messaging. The uptake of IM by organizations has been unprecedented, with available statistics demonstrating that 26 percent of organizations operating in the U.S. were already using the technology as an official communication service by 2004, and an additional 44 percent of organizations had employees who used the technology on their own (Primeaux Flint, 2004). Market analysts’ projections for corporate IM stood at 229 million users worldwide in the first quarter of 2005 (Cameron Webster, 2005), and IBM (2008) â€Å"†¦estimates are that by 2011 business use of IM will have risen to about 400 million accounts – with applications designed for businesses used in 150 million of those instances† (p. 4). The statistics demonstrates the scope of IM adoption by organizations across a span of less than 10 years, with all indications showing the adoption is on an upward trend. The factors assessed below clearly demonstrate why such a trend in IM adoption is in the offing. IM and Employees Communication Patterns Collaboration is primarily perceived as the initiator of innovation (IBM, 2008), and innovation is key to achieving organizational efficiency, effectiveness and productivity. In today’s competitive business environment, sharing information and experiences can be decisive in driving organizational success and set outcomes, and the IM protocol guarantees an outstanding framework through which employee communication patterns can be molded to enhance information sharing and collaboration within the organization as well as across geographical locations (Quan-Haase et al., 2005). Traditional communication patterns may fail to strike a cord with today’s business requirements especially with the realization that many organizations have switched into virtual workplaces (IBM, 2008), and that employees are expected to have timely i nformation to make sound judgments relating to the daily operations of the organization. As such, IM proactively influences their communication capacities and patterns by not only extending a framework through which relevant knowledge can be tapped from the relationships established with other stakeholders, but also ensuring that the needed information is immediately available when it is needed due to IM’s aspect of immediacy (Symon, 2000). According to Cameroon Webster (2005), IM systems contain a presence or peripheral awareness capacity, implying that the management or employees will have a general sense of who is around what they are currently engaged on at specific times in the workplace. The authors further suggest this type of â€Å"†¦presence awareness represents a type of peer monitoring designed to enhance communication between colleagues† (p. 86). As such, IM greatly influences employee communication patterns by virtue of the fact that users can active ly see the status indicators of other subscribed users who are online, and who are presently available to perform certain functions as may be deemed fit by the organization. This function greatly reduces time wastage, and enables the organization to focus on the available manpower resources to perform tasks that may have great ramifications in terms of enhancing its competitive advantage. Time usage, according to IBM (2008), is critical to the attainment of productive capacities. Huang Yen (2003) observes that the solid and reliant communication patterns extended to employees by IM systems has enhanced workflow processes within organizations and across locations. It is also imperative to note that IM influences employees’ communication patterns by extending to them the capability to engage in multiple, concurrent, and synchronized conversations to influence consensus or decisions made in meetings or other corporate gatherings (Rennecker, 2005). For instance, an employee enga ged in a meeting convened by stakeholders may text his boss to request for advice or clarification while still actively engaged in the normal face-to-face conversation with the stakeholders. Lastly, it is true that the nature of communication in work-settings has dramatically changed and that â€Å"†¦managers and professionals often communicate in fluid, multiple social networks rather than being sorely embedded in a single work group† (Quan-Haase, 2005, para. 1). IM certainly influences the communication patterns in the social networks. Potential Impact of IM to the Organization Many researchers and business analysts have demonstrated a clear interest in evaluating the possible impact of IM as an emerging tool for business communication. The real-time functionality, simplicity of use, unique affordances, and rich presence has been noted by Greengard (2003), Cameroon Webster (2005), Primeaux Flint (2004), and Rennecker et al (2003) as some of the foremost factors why m any organizations are using IM systems for communication purposes. According to Rennecker et al (2003), IM provides the ability to not only detect when other employees are available for communication via the network (presence awareness), but the system makes use of visual prompts to notify recipients of an impending message (visual alerting). In the workplace, these capacities are fundamentally important to drive efficiency, productivity, and ensure that critical time is sparingly used to drive the organization’s agenda forward. The real-time function enables users to get immediate responses, thus are able to act and make decisions based on knowledge and collaboration. This, according to IBM (2008), is a plus in today’s knowledge-based economy. According to Rennecker et al (2005), â€Å"†¦IM is unique in its capability to support multiple, simultaneous, synchronous conversations† (p. 199). This capability, known as polychromic interactivity, is essentially needed in today’s business environment, especially in organizations dealing with offering a wide array of services to multiple clients. In such an arrangement, IM can be used by employees to communicate privately with other employees and request for clarifications or instructions while still engaged in another coordinated interaction, preferably with the customer. When employed in this manner, IM has the capacity to essentially alter the â€Å"†¦temporal ordering of meeting-related interactions, including fact-finding, consensus formation, and decision-making† (Rennecker, 2005, p. 199). This implies that IM does not only saves time, but also enables organizations to enhance their productive capacities by virtue of the fact that the interactions, consensus reached, and the decisions taken will have either positive or negative ramifications on the organization. IBM (2008) underscores the fact that some emerging communication technologies such IM boosts an organizati on’s collaborative capacities, hence its productive acumen. Collaboration, more than anything else, institutes the innovation needed to enable organizations achieve an edge over their competitors. Employees in a virtual workplace are now collaborating using IM, either as a complimentary platform to email communication or as its substitute. According to Quan-Haase et al (2005), IM is also popular among workers since â€Å"†¦it adds speed and ease to workplace communication, and eliminates the time typically lost to ‘telephone tag’ or wasted trips of a coworker who is absent or otherwise occupied† (p. 2). This has obvious time and productivity implications for the organization, not mentioning the fact that it acts as a bridging tool between departments, therefore saving more time and ensuring efficient coordination. Below, some of the disadvantages of IM are evaluated. Disadvantages of IM There has been some weak links and disadvantages associated with emerging technologies, and IM is no exception. Greengard (2003) acknowledges that â€Å"†¦while the goal of staying in touch with employees, customers, and business partners is noble enough, today’s technology can create more than a few diversions and even devastations along the way† (p. 84). According to the author, IM can not only turn into a productivity drain if misused, but it can open a can of worms in terms of security risks and legal issues if it is ineffectually used. The above sentiments are also shared by Chudoba et al (2005) and Primeaux Flint (2004), who argue that most employees take advantage of the communication technology to chat with each other on issues unrelated to business, and to friends and family members outside the organization. Available statistics reveal that â€Å"†¦30 to 40 percent of internet use in the workplace isn’t related to business, and employee misuse of the internet is a $63 billion problem for cooperate America † (Greengard, 2003, p. 85). While IM is only a small component of the enormous internet universe, there is no guarantee that such systems will not be abused by employees in the absence of a strict regulatory framework. Harmful computer viruses can be transmitted via IM protocols, with some having the capacity to sabotage critical business processes. Indeed, hackers and data thieves can easily penetrate the security settings of some free IM services such as Yahoo! Messenger and AOL Instant Messenger due to the fact that the texts sent through IM are not encrypted. Legal challenges can also be potentially dangerous. By virtue of the fact that IM communications are not electronically recorded at the organizational level, â€Å"†¦companies can find themselves in a netherworld where it’s one party’s word against another’s† (Greengard, 2003, p. 84). There are concerns that IM, due to its easy usability, may be a source of interruption of workplace ta sks (Garrett Danziger, 2008). A recent ethnographic study extensively quoted by these authors â€Å"†¦revealed that workers spent an average of just 11 minutes on a task before being interrupted or moving on to a new task, and more than half the interruptions (57%) were unrelated to the task at hand† (p. 1). While it is known that the most common types of workplace interruptions revolves around receiving calls and conversations, some computer-mediated communication platforms such as IM and email can actually exacerbate the problem. In many workplace scenarios, IM supplements other existing forms of communication, resulting in an increase in the overall volume of communications taking place during work hours, thus the disruption of workflow processes (Garrett Danzinger, 2008). In addition, most IM communications are neither initiated nor scheduled by the recipient, and therefore often results in disruption of current activity or workflow processes on the part of the rec ipient. What’s more, companies using the IM protocol to dismiss employees may find themselves being accused of wrong termination in the absence of necessary precautions (Greengard, 2003). Communications Best Suited for IM Due to security concerns, highly sensitive communications should be reserved for other communication channels rather than IM unless the organization has the capacity to encrypt the texts or use a secure IM platform (Greengard, 2003). However, other forms of communications such as customer feedback, employee sensitization and awareness, company notices, strategies and advice, sales and order requests, advertisements, employee collaboration, and human resource decisions can be communicated via IM (Huang Yen, 2003). This is in line with the numerous activities supported by IM such as multi-tasking, informal communications for effective collaboration in the workplace, coordination and scheduling of work-related tasks, organizing short-notice meetings, and socia l networking with friends and family (Nardi et al., 2000). Recommendations MM’s takes cognizance of the fact that enhanced communication between management and employees on the one hand and between management and customers on the other is of fundamental importance in assisting the company to drive its success story into the 21st century (MM Website, 2010). As such, it is recommended that the organization takes a bold step towards formalization of IM as a preferred communication platform especially in communicating general organizational policies to employees and receiving feedback from customers. Available literature has revealed that the communication technology’s real-time functionality, simplicity of use, unique affordances, and rich presence (Greengard, 2003; Cameroon Webster, 2005; Primeaux Flint, 2004; Rennecker et al., 2003) are key ingredients that are destined to drive MM’s success story forward. MM’s greatly depend on its innovative employees to come up with new and enticing candies. To further drive the urge for employees to remain innovative, it is highly recommended for the company to fully adopt IM technology in the workplace so as to enhance interdepartmental collaboration and the development of new ideas. Such a platform will indeed extend frameworks through which the management collaborates with customers to evaluate feedback, and hence develop mechanisms for improvement. According to IBM (2008), IM enhances informal and formal collaboration in the workplace. Lastly, MM’s should come up with ways of utilizing the interactive and immediacy capabilities of IM (Cameroon Webster, 2005) by channeling its advertisements through the platform in efforts aimed at complimenting other mainstream media used by the company for advertisement purposes. At MM’s, it is not difficult to manage IM for optimal deployment since the company exercises an open door communication style that encourages open and independent decision making and responsibility at the individual level. The organizational culture reverberates well with the wishes and aspirations of employees (MM Website, 2010), and as such, it is almost a guarantee that employees will utilize the new technology for the betterment of the organization as well as for their own collaboration. Chudoba et al (2005) argues that many organizations employ several communication technologies to ensure their communication needs are sufficiently met. This internet-based communication technology fits well within MM’s existing frameworks of communication, which are also technology-based. The company mostly utilizes email and telephone communications in the workplace, and satellite communications across geographical locations (Rehoboth, 2004). IM will not only serve in complimentary roles with email in inter-departmental communications, but can also substitute the use of telephones to communicate company policies and strategies to employees. IM can be used to replace satellite communications in areas with network connectivity, further bringing down operational costs and enhancing both efficiency and productive capacities (IBM, 2008). The successful implementation of IM technology in MM’s can only be hindered by security and productivity concerns. As such, the CEO is allowed to introduce austerity measures aimed at curtailing the improper use of the technology by employees. It is also the duty of the chief executive to develop a solid ICT team which will constantly look into ways through which the IM technology can be optimally used by the company and its employees without causing security vulnerabilities as demonstrated by Greegard (2003). As such, end-user security regulations must be introduced to successfully harness the power of IM. The company should also introduce regulations aimed at informing the employees about the complimentary or substitute roles of IM vis-à  -vis other existing platforms so that it is used for the purposes it is intended. This will go a long way in ensuring its success, while curtailing the potential drawbacks already discussed comprehensively in this report. To submit the concluding remarks, it is a well known fact that the pursuit for instantaneous connections and enhanced communication has occasioned the adoption of a wide array of technologies purposely designed to speed up organizational activities (Cameroon Webster, 2005). IM represents one of the most rapidly proliferating communications tools that are swiftly being adopted by global organizations. A critical review of literature contained in this report demonstrates that corporate IM use is substantial and growing. Consequently, the most fundamental thing for MM’s is to swing into action towards ensuring that policies and frameworks are put in place with the aim to holistically harness the power and communication capabilities offered by IM. Reference List Cameroon, A.F., Webster, J. (2005). Unintende d consequences of emerging communication technologies: Instant messaging in the workplace. Computers in Human Behavior, 21(2), 81-103. Chudoba, K.M., Wynne, L.V. M., Watson-Manheim, M.B. (2005). How virtual are we? Measuring virtuality and understanding its impact in the global organization. Information Systems Journal, 15(4), 279-306. Retrieved from Business Source Database. Garrett, R.K., Danziger, J.N. (2008). IM = Interruption management? Instant messaging and disruption in the workplace. Journal of computer-mediated communication, 13, 23-42. Greengard, S. (2003). IM speeds workplace communication, but it can also spell trouble: Workforce Management, 82(7), 84-86. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier Database. Huang, A.H., Yen, D.C. (2003). Usefulness of instant messaging among users: Social vs. work perspective. Human Systems Management, 22(2), 63-65. Retrieved from Business Source Premier Database. IBM. (2008). The new collaboration: enabling innovation, changing the workplace . Web. Keyton, J. (2005). Communication and organizational culture: A key to understanding work experiences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. MM Website. (2010). History. Web. Nardi, B.A., Whittaker, S., Bradner, E. (2000). Interaction and outeraction: Instant messaging in action. Proceedings of Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Philadelphia PA, 70-88. Nash, E.L. (2000). Direct Marketing: Strategy, Planning Execution, 4th ED. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Quan-Haase, A., Cothrel, J., Wellman, B. (2005). Instant messaging for collaboration: A case study of a high-tech firm. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(4). Web. Primeaux, R.O., Flint, D. (2004). Instant messaging: Does it belong in the workplace. Intellectual Property Technology Law Journal, 16(11), 5-7. Retrieved from Business Source Premier Database. Rehoboth, W.G. (2004). Dandy Candy. Convenience Store News, 40(13), 28-31. Rennecker, J., Dennis, A.R., Hansen, S. (2005). Invisib le whispering: Instant messaging in meetings. Sprouts: Working Papers on Information Systems, 5(24). Web. Symon, G. (2000). Information and communication technologies and the new network organization: A critical analysis. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73(4), 389-414. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier Database. Wax, B (2010). Target Marketing Thrives on the Web. Property Causality Risk Benefit Management, 114(14), 32-36. This report on IM in the Workplace: Harnessing the Power of the Virtual Hallway was written and submitted by user Jovani S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Terrorism response

Terrorism response Know Your Terrorist PAGE 3Know Your TerroristMelissa Chastain, Jesse Digiovanni,Glenda Miranda, and Courtney TerrellUniversity of PheonixCJA/313 OntarioKeith A. GreenNovember 26, 2007Al-Ittihad al-Islami (AIAI)Duale A. Sii'arag (2005). The Birth and Rise of Al-Ittihad Al-Islami in the Somali Inhabited Regions in the Horn of Africa.Al-Wafa al-Igatha al-IslamiaSumner, Tim (2007). Ex-Guantanamo detainees on trial in Morocco for terrorism. Retrieved on November 20, 2007 from 911familiesforamerica.org/?s=guant%C3%A1namoAsbat al-Ansar'Asbat al-Ansar (N.D.). Retrieved on November 20, 2007 from fas.org/irp/world/para/asbat.htm4. Darkazanli CompanyChediak, Mark (2005). Following the Money: Tracking Down Al Qaeda's Fund Raisers in Europe. Retried on November 20, 2007 from http:/www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline5. Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC)Keats, Anthony (2003). Center for Defense Information. The Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC) Retrieved on November 20, 2007 from cdi.o rg/program/issue/document.cfm?DocumentID=386IssueID=56StartRow=1ListRows=10appendURL=Orderby=DateLastUpdatedProgramID=39issueID=56.6. Islamic Army of AdenThe Islamic Army (1999).Sea Tigers freighter sunk by Sri Lankan Air Force ...Abu al-Hassan and the Islamic Army of Aden-Abyan. Retrieved on November 20, 2007 from al-bab.com/yemen/hamza/hassan.htm.7. Libyan Islamic Fighting GroupBlack, Andrew (2007). The Reconstituted Al-Qaeda Threat in the Maghreb. Terrorism Monitor: Vol. 5 Issue 2.8. Jamiat ul-MujahideenMahbub, A. G. (2007). Islamic Terrorist Leaders Shun Suicide. Retrieved March 22, 2007 from http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?no=351550rel_no=19. Ansar Al-IslamSchanzer, J. (2003). Ansar Al-Islam: Iraq's Al-Qaeda Connection. Retrieved March 25, 2007from frontpagemag.com/Articles/Printable.asp?ID=557110. Armed Islamic Group (GIA)Pike, J. (2004). Armed Islamic Group. Retrieved March 25, 2007 fromfas.org/irp/world/para/gia.htm11. Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ)Pi ke, J. (2004). Palestine Islamic Jihad. Retrieved March 25, 2007 fromfas.org/irp/world/para/pij.htm12. Jemaah Islamiah, Islamic Group, Islamic CommunityJemaah Islamiyah. (2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 25, 2007from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jemaah_Islamiyaholdid=11881530213. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)Pike, J. (2004). Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. Retrieved March 25, 2007 fromfas.org/irp/world/para/ltte.htm14. Moranzanist...

Reviewing the literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Reviewing the literature - Essay Example 5). The elderly, the malnourished, and those with acute illness are the most vulnerable (Moore and Cowman, 2010, p. 5). Pressure ulcers are a serious problem for older people because of pain, osteomyelitis, sepsis, and mortality that can be associated with the condition (Graumlich et al., 2003, p. 147). Up to 18% of the hospitalized can have pressure sores or ulcers (Moore and Cowman, 2010, p. 5). In nursing homes, a prevalence of 24% was reported (Graumlich et al., 2003, p. 147). Among surgical patients, the incidence of pressure ulcers can be as high as 12 to 45% (Armstrong et al., 2003, p. 647). Pressure sores or ulcers arise when pressure from lying or sitting on a particular body area result to tissue damage and oxygen deprivation to the affected area (Moore and Cowman, 2010, p. 5). Because of continuous pressure, tissues are depleted of blood flow, waste products are not removed from the wound and the wound fails to get oxygen and nutrient supply that are all necessary for heal ing (Moore and Cowman, 2010, p. 5). According to Graumlich et al. (2003, p. ... In the United States, Graumlich et al. (2001, p. 645) estimated that the cost of treatment for pressure ulcers exceeded US$1 billion annually. Heyneman et al. (2008, p. 1165) reported based on the study of Severens and others in 2002 that the cost of pressure ulcers is about 1% of the health care budget. Of course, prevention is the cornerstone of care for pressure ulcer (Heyneman et al., 2008, p. 1165). However, when pressure ulcers already took place, there are several modes of treatments available. One of them is repositioning (Moore and Cowman, 2010). Another mode of treatment involves the use of collagen (Graumlich et al., 2003). Still another treatment involves the use of phenytoin (Hollisaz et al., 2004). Finally, another way is through hydrocolloids (Hollisaz et al., 2004; Belmin et al., 2002; Heyneman et al., 2008; Graumlich et al., 2003; and Thomas, 2008). The modes of treatments enumerated do not exhaust the modes of treatments feasible or possible on pressure ulcers but w e focus on the use of hydrocolloids. Heyneman et al. (2008, p. 1165) reported that a wide range of treatment is available and the treatment methods can be subdivided into secondary prevention, topical products, surgical treatment and physiotherapy. The word â€Å"hydrocolloids† was coined in the 1960s in the development of mucoadhesives in the combination between carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with adhesives and tackifiers for treating mouth ulcers (Thomas, 2008, p. 602). Thomas (2008, p. 602) reported the term hydrocolloids was subsequently adopted to describe a new type of dressing based on the technology (Thomas, 2008, p. 602). The dressing technology identified as hydrocolloid, a hydrophilic gelable mass was applied in a

Comparing and contrasting the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis 1-11 Essay

Comparing and contrasting the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis 1-11 (Religious Studies) - Essay Example Many people are telling that the flood in Gilgamesh is the same with the flood in Genesis. Definitely, it is not. The God in Genesis is not the same as the Mesopotamian deities. Understanding this fact give us a clear view point of a concrete difference between both accounts. Considering that there might be some similarities in the flow of the story however, the mere authority whom both accounts recognize builds a definite margin line that establishes their differences. Many people most especially those who devote themselves in religious and historical literature know the famous story about the great flood that can be found both in the Book of Genesis and of the Mesopotamian Gilgamesh. The stories are very much the same, however making a close comparison about details showed that they are very different. The God in Genesis is also more reasonable than that of the Mesopotamian gods. Understanding what has been the reason for flood will give us the clear idea of the differences of the character of the God in Genesis and of the Mesopotamian gods. The biblical account showed that God has seen how people have turned wicked. It has never been the will of the God of the Bible that man will stay wicked and will be unpunished. Because of that he decided to save Noah and his family from those evil people and the way by which it could be done is through the flood. The mere reason for that flood is to end the wicked generation that God of the Bible has seen existing during the time of Noah. On the contrary, the main reason why the gods in Gilgamesh caused the flood is because of the noise that the people create. The gods decided for a flood simply because they can not sleep (Gilgamesh 12). The unanimous decision of gods is to cause a flood and to make no any man survived. Ea who created man does not want it to happen. Meaning, we could even see misunderstanding in their mythical gods that mostly resembles human character. But through a dream, the

Training And Development Play An Important Role Management Essay

Training And Development Play An Important Role Management Essay Training and development is a system, a set of activities or process designed to help expand and improve a persons skills and knowledge which are related to his or her job scope. It is also a good way to help to improve the attitudes and competencies of employees. Training focuses more on current and present jobs, whereas development emphasizes more on long term and future jobs. Training and development programs can enhance the capabilities of employees to achieve organizational goals and effectiveness and efficiency of the operations within the organization. Trainings make better for business development and help the company to become more competitive and profitable. Training and development plays an important role in human resources management. One of the reasons is due to the significant changes of technologies in this modern era, where some business functions are becoming older and outdated. If the organization does not introduce new methods of accomplishing tasks and make changes to its existing business functions, the organization will fade out from its market eventually. Therefore, it is of paramount importance for an organization to implement training and development strategies to ascertain that the employees possess the skills and knowledge needed to operate the latest technologies. In addition, training and development programs will help to save cost for a company in the long run. An organization can launch training and development program to train and improve the skills of existing employees instead of hiring new employees to handle a project as the cost of training existing employees will be cheaper than hiring a new employee. Besides reducing the turnover rate of employees, effective training programs will help to increase job satisfaction, motivation and morale of employees. This is because employees will feel that the company cares for their welfare and appreciates their contributions, thus they will be loyal and work for the company for a long period of time. When a company gives its employees an opportunity to learn and develop new skills, they will feel that they have value in the company and try their best to contribute in building a stronger and more competitive organization. In short, training and development programs are essential for increasing pro ductivity, effectiveness and efficiency of an organization besides enhancing the image of the company. The major aim and objective of training and development is to add value to a firms human assets. These programs raise the capacity level of the company and help the company to overcome the rapid changes of technology in the globalized business world. Furthermore, it tends to increase the power of a company to compete with its competitors in the global market. Training and development programs also act as motivational tools to boost the enthusiasm of employees in performing their jobs. This will reduce the requirement for close supervisions and improve the effectiveness, efficiencies and performance of employees in the organization. Content Theories and Concepts Training and development is a set of planned programs and procedures aimed to improve employees capacity and organizational performance. The performance of employees in terms of ones attitude, behavior, skills and knowledge can be improved through the training programs implemented by an organization. Therefore, training and development programs can effectively improve the overall performance of the business. Trainings are normally targeted at technical staff, lower level management, middle and also senior level management. Normally, when programs are applied to lower and middle level management, they are known as trainings whereas when applied to senior level management, they are called development programs. Some general purposes of training and development are to enhance employees growth, improve the quality of workforce, bridge the gap between planning and implementation and help new comers. There are few relevant theories which are associated with training and development, namely the sensory stimulation theory, the reinforcement theory, the action theory, the experiential learning and the adult learning. Sensory theory states that when multi-sensory stimulation effect is great, learning takes place. In order words, efficient training will occur when the senses are inspired or stimulated. Some research found that 75% adults knowledge is learned by seeing, hearing and the other 13% is by other senses like smell, taste as well as touch. Reinforcement theory can be further classified as positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. In positive reinforcement, trainee will repeat the desired behaviour; in negative reinforcement, trainee can strengthen behaviour when a negative condition is stopped. This theory focuses on the significance of experience, meaning, the development of insight and problem-solving skills. For instance, many trainers believe that trainees will develop problem-solving abilities when they are exposed to various situations and varied experiences. Action learning is a dynamic process that involves a group of people solving real-life problems. But at the same time, they must concentrate on what they are learning and how the learning can benefit the group members, the group itself as well as the organization as a whole. Nowadays, action learning becomes one of the key training and problem-solving tools for some large companies such as Nokia, Motorola, British Airways, US Department of Agriculture and Marriott. (Michael, 2004) Experiential learning defines learning as a process of creating the trainees knowledge via the transformation of experience. There are four stages in experiential learning. Firstly, the experiential learning is through concrete experience, which is putting something into practice. Secondly, it is through observation and reflection, in which one objectively analyzes the outcome. Thirdly, it is through abstract conceptualization, in which one review your conceptual understanding. Lastly, it is through active experimentation, which is experimenting to find solution. The diagram below shows the experiential learning cycle and the basic learning styles. stage.jpg Lastly, adult learning is a theory that holds six assumptions about how adults learn and this theory emphasizes on the value of the process of learning. There are six assumptions of adult learning, which are adults need to know why they need learning, readiness to learn, self-concept, motivation to learn, orientation to learning and learners experience. This approach is problem-based and collaborative rather than precept and also focus on more equality between the trainer and trainee. (Benefits and Problems, n.d.) In addition, there are two dimensions of training and development processes, which are the degree of formality and the balance between self-directed as well as other-directed learning. These two choices of the dimensions result in 4 overall methods. For instance, one can take a formal training to self-directed or other directed learning, likewise one can take informal training to self-directed or other directed learning. Trainers make decision about what approach to be taken into training depending on several factors, such as the amount of money which can be invested for training, timeliness of training needed, specificity and complexity of the skills and knowledge needed as well as capacity and motivation of the learner. Undeniably, formal and other-directed learning and development programs are more expensive than other approaches. However, through this approach learner can achieve the desired skills and knowledge in a timely basis. This form of learning is mostly used in colleges, universities and training centres, which normally grants diplomas and certificates. Employee development plans is another form of formal and other-directed training. Employee development plans help to identify performance goals, the ways to achieve the goals, by when and whom to verify their result. Besides, in formal and self-directed training, learner should set his or her own learning goals, methods and means to verify the accomplishment. For example, supervisors and employees work together to achieve formal and self-directed learning in the workplace, at the same time they collaborate to accomplish continuous learning for continued productivity and learning. Informal training and development is more casual and incidental. Normally, there are no specific training goals and ways to evaluate their level of accomplishment of goals. Make an example of informal and other-directed training, supervisors send their employees to training regarding sexual harassment in the workplace. Informal and self-directed learning can be very low cost and this training approach may take longer time than other-directed forms. However, the learner must have the capacity and motivation to pursue their own training. For example, there are informal discussions among employees on a certain topic or organizations sending their employees to attend talks by famous speakers, as long as the learners select the activities and topics by themselves. (Carter Mcnamara, n.d.) Contributions and Significance Training and development programs can contribute to an organization by helping it to save cost. Normally, a successor will be trained by someone who is an expert in a particular field to refill a position if there is a sudden vacancy within the organization. This can help the company to save recruiting cost, training cost, and keep the organization operating smoothly. By this way, the company need not hire someone outside the company to train since the training is easily attainable by present employees. Training the successors is better than recruiting people from outside of the organization. In addition, recruiting professional with high skills is much more expensive than training current employee to acquire those skills. Secondly, training and development can improve the relationship between bosses and subordinates. Training programs will involve different levels of employees in an organization and this increases communication among each other. When the communication breakdown between bosses and subordinates, the business will suffer, the tension will increase and cause other negative consequences to happen. Through training and development process, they can understand their jobs better; therefore some accidents and misunderstanding can be avoided. At the same time, productivity of employees may increase. Thirdly, training and development will lead to an increased profitability and more positive attitude towards an organizations goals. These can be done by enhancing employees knowledge and polishing their skills at all levels within an organization. When the satisfactions of customers are fulfilled by well-trained employees, this will increase the number of repeated business. At the same time, the reputation of the company is also enhanced because of good services performed by the employees. Therefore, training and development helps an organization to achieve competitive advantage over others in the industry. Case Development Companys Background Resorts World Sdn Bhd was a private limited company established in year 1980. In year 1989, the company was listed into the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange market to become a public listed company on 14 July. It was subsequently renamed as Resorts World Bhd, in which this company name had been used from year 1989 to 2009. Resorts World Bhd then changed its name again to Genting Malaysia Berhad on 18 June 2009 and this name has been used until today. As everyone knows Resorts World Genting is built in the high mountain areas; the cool and refreshing air is an indispensable factor in attracting visitors. Besides, Resorts World Genting excels in offering full-of-fun entertainment attractions and the luxurious international class destination, in order to satisfy different cultures and needs of tourists. Generally, Resorts World Genting has established six hotels, namely the First World Hotel, the Theme Park Hotel, the Awana Hotel, the Maxims Genting, the Resort Hotel and the Highlands Hotel. The First World Hotel with a total of 6,118 rooms was the Worlds Largest Hotel according to Guinness World Records (Knowles, 2011). In addition, Resorts World Genting also offers close to 200 distinctive dining outlets and shopping stores, business convention facilities and mega shows. The most attractive features of the company are the two theme parks with more than 40 rides and non-stop entertainment. Adult Bumper Car, Flying Dragon, 4D Motion Master, Ride de Paris and other entertainment facilities are provided in indoor theme parks. Moreover, outdoor theme parks provide more fun rides than indoor, such as Pirate Ship, Spinner, Flying Coaster, Corkscrew, Boating, Dinosaur land and Rodeo Rider, which have successfully attracted visitors from all walks of life. Resorts World Genting also monopolizes the legal gambling market in Malaysia as it operates the one and only casino in Malaysia. Many locals frequent the casino to gamble. The casino offers international gambling games such as Tai Sai, Baccarat, Roulette, Blackjack, slots and Pokers. Resort World Genting not only operates the entertainment facilities but also the longest cable car system in Southeast Asia, named as Genting Skyway. The cable cars are crossing 3.38km from the hillside to Highlands Hotel at the peak. Therefore, it is obvious that Resorts World Berhad focuses its businesses in entertainment and tourism industry. Training and Development Practices, Advantages and Disadvantages of the Practices Resorts World Genting supports and promotes employee development and organizational effectiveness by pursuing personnel policies in training and development, which is in line with the organizational culture, mission and vision. The organization has been actively involved in providing high quality trainings, development programs and opportunities for career development of individual workers. In fact, Resorts World Genting recorded more than 8,500 employees attending internal and external training programs in year 2009. The various training programs carried out to produce competent workers include etiquette, grooming and personal impact, customer service and service delivery aimed at front-line employees and consistent departmental team-building activities. To improve productivity and effectiveness within the organization, Resorts World Genting offers internal trainings such as on-the-job training and job rotation from time to time. As an effort to support the Skim Latihan 1Malaysia (SL1M) launched by the Prime Minister in year 2011, Resorts World Genting has gone all out to provide on-the-job placements to unemployed or underemployed graduates with appropriate qualifications. This scheme requires candidates to achieve a minimum CGPA of 2.5 for a degree from any recognized tertiary institution and possess the ability to converse in Bahasa Malaysia and English. Shortlisted trainees will be given 2 to 3 months soft skill trainings and 9 to 10 months on-the-job training. During the training period, trainees will assist in organizational projects and departmental functions and involve in departmental or organization-wide planning and decision making. Subsequently, trainees are evaluated on their suitability for vacancies in Resorts World Ge nting. There are several advantages that can be yield through the on-the-job training. Resorts World Gentings effort has actually helped to enhance the employability of unemployed graduates to compete for jobs that match their qualifications. Through SL1M, trainees acquire necessary soft skills such as communication skills, critical thinking and organizational adaptability to increase their competency in the job market. As the organization usually customizes the learning to fit business purposes, trainees will be well-prepared to perform real job tasks because they will be taught to master the tools needed to perform their specific roles. Therefore, SL1M improves the quality and helps fresh graduates to be more marketable in the labor market. On the contrary, there are also certain drawbacks towards Resorts World Genting through the implementation of SL1M on-the-job training. This scheme lacks of consistency as the training is closely dependent on experienced senior workers to give out instructions that are purported to be essential in completing a task efficiently and effectively. As the instructions vary with each trainer, there is no standardized learning carried out across the organization. It is also insufficient for a trainee to learn the skills and knowledge from only a trainer. Besides, when there is no structured guidance on training lessons, trainees will only learn about the routines and solve daily problems that arise in the normal course of working. They will face difficulties and feel humiliated in the future when they are confronted with complex and rare problems which are not taught during the SL1M scheme. Under close supervision by a trainer, the trainee can be easily influenced by the trainers habits and attitudes towards various aspects of the job such as management and interaction techniques. They can quickly adopt lazy habits and take shortcuts in performing their tasks, which in return will bring unfavorable consequences towards Resorts World Genting. Resorts World Genting also offers Management Trainee Program which provides job rotation opportunities to potential employees. Its purpose is to discover and develop the next generation of leaders to hold higher managerial positions in the future by equipping them with the required skills, judgment and qualities of an effective manager. Under the Management Trainee Program of Resorts World Genting, trainees will be given the chance to conduct cross-functional assignments and special projects to develop leadership skills. The 18-24 months program allows trainees to explore different areas of the corporation such as Casino Operations, Theme Park Operation, Theme Park Technical and Human Resource. Successful trainees will be posted to Senior Executive or Assistant Manager positions. According to the official website of Resorts World Genting, 19 management trainees successfully graduated and recruited as permanent employees in year 2009. The Management Trainee Program has benefited Resorts World Gentings employees in many ways. Selected trainees will have good prospects in their career advancement as they are exposed to all facets of the business, from marketing to customer service, to human resource and operations. Thus, they can be easily promoted to a managerial position once a vacancy comes up within the organization. Besides, the program helps to identify and develop potential talents as a means of providing a good succession planning and enhancing morale in the organization. It helps to foster teamwork within the organization, promote good camaraderie and improve communication among teams because trainees usually collaborate with different team members at different levels. A major disadvantage of the Management Trainee Program is that successful trainees tend to be more self-centered and expect preferential treatment such as higher compensation and benefits from the organization. They might think high of themselves with the qualifications possessed. As the management trainees undergo job rotation, there is a tendency that the trainees could not master the operations and have an in-depth understanding of the functions in a department before switching to another department in just a few months. Consequently, they will become Jack of all trades and a master of none. The result might be harmful to the organization as these future-to-be managers might not be good managers. In addition, off-the-job learning is conducted by Resorts World Genting. Scholarships were awarded to 21 high-performing employees in the year 2009. Deserving employees received scholarships to further their studies at MAHTEC, Kolej Antarabangsa Genting Inti and Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW). In year 2011, 22 scholarships worth RM1.7 million were awarded under the Genting Malaysia Education Fund to outstanding employees and other external recipients. Moreover, the organization partners with colleges and universities and professional associations such as Genting INTI International College (GIIC), ACCA, CIMA and ICAEW to provide the opportunity for employees to enhance their qualifications. For instance, Resorts World Gentings Finance Department has been recognized by professional accountancy bodies such as ACCA, CIMA and ICAEW to provide trainings to accounting fields employees to become qualified accountants. One of the advantages of Resorts World Genting offering further studies opportunities is that the employees with higher qualifications and professionalism can contribute more to the organization in various aspects of the organization. These professionals such as accountants, risk management experts and investment analysts can make better planning, professional evaluations and decisions for the organization in the business dealings. This will in turn help Resorts World Genting to minimize cost, maximize profits and penetrate into more profitable markets in various countries. When the organization has a good reputation of offering scholarships to high-performers, there will be a larger pool of qualified unsolicited candidates for the organization to make selection for a vacancy. Therefore, Resorts World Genting is less likely to face the problem of lack of qualified candidates for selection process. However, offering scholarships might be costly to Resorts World Genting as the organization has to fork out a whopping amount to support the increasing cost of living and tuition fees of scholarship recipients. This is much more expensive compared to other internal training programs. The organization also faces the risk that it might lose its high-quality employees after they have finished their studies. This is because when the high-performers have completed their duration of work as stipulated in the scholarship agreement, they might be poached by Resorts World Gentings competitors by being offered a higher compensation and more benefits. Furthermore, Resorts World Genting has also organized many seminars and conferences to help develop the professionalism of the senior management. For example, in October 2011, the organization carried out the 23rd Genting Malaysia Senior Managers Conference in Awana Kijal, Terengganu to encourage workers to be passionately committed to achieving the organizations goals and core values. Last but not least, besides organizing departmental team-building activities, Resorts World Genting emphasizes on work-life balance programs which improve employees wellbeing. To highlight holistic development of all levels of employees, the organization has also organized sports events and self-improvement activities. Some of the programs involved in inculcating team-spirit and lifelong learning include Coaching Leadership A Future for Women in Leadership, Sexual Harassment in the Workplace, Labour Day celebration and Genting Employee Carnival. The conferences organized by Resorts World Genting have benefited the organization as the senior managers and top management have the chance to exchange various viewpoints regarding the course of businesses run by the organization. This encourages communication and collaboration among all levels of managers of different departments within the organization instead of emphasizing on only one department. As a grand decision made by one department affects another, it is essential that all departments involved discuss and analyze a matter before making a final decision. Besides, the programs and activities carried out help to drive the behaviors and personal goals of employees to be in line with the organizational purpose, which in turn contributes to a highly-productive working environment. These activities are effective motivators for the employees to perform better and achieve organizational objectives. In contrast, attending various seminars and programs may be a loss of productivity and a waste of time for the employees of Resorts World Genting. Discouraged workers tend to take these activities as distractions to escape from work. There are also times that the information presented during seminars or the activities organized do not interest a particular individual. Moreover, the information presented by external parties may be incorrect, flawed and biased. The information cannot appeal to all the needs of the employees from different departments in the organization and it may be just a reiteration of what the employees have known. What the speakers provide are mostly theoretical and these theories cannot be applied in real-life situations due to various factors. The above are the human resource practices implemented by Resorts World Genting to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of the employees. There are advantages and disadvantages for each activity organized by the organization. The top managers should look into the boon and bane of a practice before implementing it to maximize productivity within the organization. Critiques of Practices on the Effectiveness of the Company There are several critiques on the effectiveness of training and development practices implemented by Resorts World Genting on the normal course of business. The first method used by Resorts World Genting is on-the-job training, which is Skim Latihan 1Malaysia (SL1M). This method mainly helps the unemployed or fresh graduates to brush up their qualifications so that they have the capacity to meet the skills and knowledge needed by the jobs. This scheme is actually less effective to the operations of the organization as there is no structured and detailed handbook or guidelines to follow. Since this scheme has so many disadvantages such as inconsistency in training, too subjective and only dependent on one senior worker for each trainee, it would be cost-consuming to retain workers which are not well-trained. In long-term, this method will reduce the productivity of the company. Therefore, SL1M might be useful in decreasing the unemployment rate in the country but this scheme is unfavorable towards Resorts World Genting as it reduces the effectiveness of the organization. The second method applied by Resorts World Genting is job-rotation trainings that are offered to train potential employees to hold managerial positions in the future. Overall, the management trainee program increases the productivity and effectiveness of the organization. The disadvantages of the management trainee program are minor as they can be easily eliminated through some modifications of the program. This program usually has a higher requirement from its trainees as the trainees must be able to work under high pressure. Since they will be exposed to the functioning of every department within Resorts World Genting, they will be able to master all the operations when they have completed their training. Thus, the high-performing and well-trained employees will be able to manage high positions effectively and meet the organizational goals. In addition, Resorts World Genting also provides off-the-job learning by offering scholarships and opportunities to further studies to high-performing employees. This will be cost-saving in a way that the actual amount spent on scholarships is much lower than the cost of recruiting and selecting a new employee. The organization will have low turnover rate as this increases the job satisfaction of the employees. It will also be able to retain its pool of talents, and this human asset will provide comparative advantage to the organization to compete with other competitors. Professionals trained by the organization could make better professional analysis and decisions which in turn will increases the effectiveness in the business dealings. Therefore, off-the-job training increases the effectiveness and efficiency of Resorts World Genting in the long-run. Seminars and talks organized by Resorts World Genting appear to be less effective in training the employees as majority of these seminars involve only theoretical presentation. It is also not cheap to invite external speakers to give talks to the employees which will then be considered as a waste of time. As it is difficult to control human behavior, the company also cannot avoid the fact that some lazy employees take this chance to escape work. In short, organizing seminars and talks would decrease the effectiveness and productivity of the operations in Resorts World Genting. Recommendation There are some recommendations for Resorts World Genting to improve their training and development programs. First and foremost, there are few recommendations to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of on-the-job training, which is Skim Latihan 1Malaysia (SL1M) implemented by Resorts World Genting. The organization can set a standardized and structured on-the-job training scheme, alongside with clear and detailed handbook for every trainer and trainee. Trainers can follow the scheme and handbook which detail all workplace procedures to train the new employees and make sure that the trainees fully understand their jobs. Besides, Resorts World Genting has to choose the trainers carefully. Trainers must achieve the level of qualification required to train the new employees and the organization must make sure that they do not show bad habits or examples. This is because a good trainer will influence a trainee to become a good employee in the future. Besides teaching the trainees on how to solve their daily problems, the experienced trainers should also emphasize on rare and potential probl ems that might happen in the future, or at least the trainees are taught about these problems using theories. Furthermore, Resorts World Genting can assign more supervisors to observe how trainers and trainees work in their positions and require weekly report from the trainers. Trainers and trainees will then concentrate and pay more effort on their jobs because they do not wish to obtain bad comments in their report. Secondly, there are some recommendations for Management Trainee Program. Resorts World Genting can first try to observe the characteristics of potential employees and then decide which department is suitable for the individuals. Besides, managers can also interview the potential employees and tests their abilities in each and every sector. This can help to enhance the skills and knowledge that the management trainee lacks in a particular sector. Furthermore, Resorts World Genting also can set the period of job rotation longer. Potential employees can learn and discover more on a post before they change to another position if the job rotation duration is longer. Since these potential employees are going to handle managerial positions in the future, it is important for them to practice job ethics. Therefore, Resorts World Genting should show their employees that the organization emphasizes ethical ways of doing jobs. This will influence the employees and may change their decisions and actions to become more ethical in performing their job. In addition, to achieve cost-effectiveness, Resorts World Genting can offer their employees scholarships to further studies in local educational institutions instead of overseas. The tuition fees in local educational institutions are much cheaper compared to those abroad. Furthermore, the cost of living is also lower than staying overseas. Resorts World Genting can also plan to set up their own educational institution instead of partnering with other colleges. By taking this initiative, Resorts World Genting can save much cost for scholarships and attract more students to study in